RESTRIÇÃO NUTRICIONAL GESTACIONAL ALTERA A ORGANIZAÇÃO DA GLÂNDULA ADRENAL EM RATAS
GESTATIONAL NUTRITIONAL RESTRICTION ALTERS ADRENAL GLAND ORGANIZATION IN FEMALE RATS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24933/rep.v7i1.296Palavras-chave:
Restrição calórica, Restrição proteica, Gravidez, Adrenal, Receptores de glicocorticóides/mineralocorticóidesResumo
A má nutrição durante a gravidez causa adaptação metabólica e/ou estrutural permanente na prole. A glândula adrenal produz vários hormônios esteróides durante a gravidez. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da dieta durante a gestação sobre as glândulas adrenais de ratas Wistar. Para isso, ratas Wistar prenhes de 10 semanas (p, n=15) e ratas não prenhes (np, n=15) foram divididas em três grupos e receberam dieta controle normoproteica (C, 17% de caseína, n=5), dieta hipocalórica isocalórica (PR, 6% de caseína, n=5) e 50% de restrição calórica (RC, 50% da dieta consumida pelo grupo C), durante um período de 21 dias. No 21º dia de gestação (grupos 21dG, p) ou no 21º dia de dieta (grupos np), após aprofundamento anestésico, a glândula adrenal direita foi coletada, pesada (massa total) e preparada para inclusão em Paraplast® para exame histomorfométrico e análise imuno-histoquímica (Ki-67, receptores de glicocorticóides (GR) e receptor de mineralocorticóide (MR)) nas diferentes áreas da glândula. Os dados, expressos como média ± DP, foram avaliados por análise de variância unidirecional com pós-teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). CR na gravidez aumentou a quantidade de receptores GR, MR e Ki-67 na glândula adrenal. O grupo npRC apresentou maior reatividade de GR em comparação com os animais que receberam uma dieta normal. A restrição proteica na gravidez diminui a RM adrenal. Os resultados permitiram concluir que, mesmo sem alterar o peso das glândulas adrenais, o grupo pRC foi o que mais sofreu estresse durante o estudo, sugerindo que a RC associada à gravidez pode causar alterações morfofuncionais nas glândulas adrenais.
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